High Energy Physics
BESIII Measures Large Unexplained Strong Phase in J/ψ → K*K̅ Decays, Challenging Standard Model Expectation
BESIII reports the first measurement of the relative strong phase between electromagnetic and strong amplitudes in J/ψ decays to K*K̅, finding a ~150° phase in the neutral channel—4.2σ away from the expected orthogonality of 90° and 10σ from a real amplitude. The charged channel phase (~180°) is con…
Nuclear Diffractive Effects in Open Charm Photoproduction at the LHC
The authors present a theoretical framework (GγA–FONLL) for calculating diffractive D⁰ meson photoproduction in ultraperipheral Pb–Pb and p–Pb collisions at the LHC, using nuclear diffractive parton distributions with leading twist shadowing and corrected photon fluxes. They specifically quantify th…
BESIII Observes First Charmless Three-Body Baryonic Decay of a Vector Charmonium State Above Open-Charm Threshold
The BESIII Collaboration reports the first measurement of Born cross sections for e⁺e⁻ → K⁺Ξ⁰Σ̄⁻ across 56 center-of-mass energy points between 3.51–4.95 GeV, using 44.55 fb⁻¹ of collision data. A 6.0σ signal establishes the first observation of ψ(3770) → K⁺Ξ⁰Σ̄⁻, marking the first confirmed charmle…
LHCb Reports First Evidence for Rare B+ → π+ e+ e- Decay with 3.2σ Significance
LHCb observes the first evidence of the rare decay B+ → π+ e+ e- using 9 fb^{-1} of pp collision data at 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The signal excess reaches 3.2σ significance, with a measured branching fraction of (2.4^{+0.9}_{-0.8} ^{+0.4}_{-0.2}) × 10^{-8}. This result aligns with Standard Model predictio…
Scalar-Vector Spectator Model Predicts Sea-Quark Asymmetry and Angular Momentum Matching E906 Data
A light-front spectator model represents the proton as an active sea antiquark paired with a scalar-vector spectator, using soft-wall AdS/QCD spatial profiles. Parameters are fitted to CT18NNLO data and Bacchetta-Radici extractions at μ₀²=1.0 GeV², then evolved to μ²=100 GeV². The model predicts sus…
Transformer Normalizing Flows Achieve State-of-the-Art Neutrino Direction Reconstruction in IceCube
A transformer encoder maps IceCube neutrino event data to parameters of a novel spherical normalizing flow using C²-smooth rational-quadratic splines, scale transformations, and rotations for neural posterior estimation of direction on the 2-sphere. This method delivers superior angular resolution f…
LHCb Measures Angular Parameters in B+ to π+ μ+ μ- Decay, Aligning with SM Predictions
LHCb reports the first measurement of forward-backward asymmetry A_FB and flat term F_H in the angular distribution of B+ → π+ μ+ μ- decays using 9 fb^{-1} of pp collision data from 2011-2018. Measurements are performed in two q^2 intervals: one below and one above the J/ψ and ψ(2S) charmonium reson…
Graph Matching Predicts Massless Fermion Modes in Latticized Theory-Space Models
A graph-theoretic approach maps fermion mass terms in latticized theory-space models to bipartite graphs, with fields as vertices and mass terms as edges. The number of massless fermion modes equals the cardinality of the graph's maximum matching. Wave-function support of these modes is confined to …
Systematic Analytic Regularization Enables Finite Action-Level Treatment of φ⁴ and Yukawa Theories at NLO
SAR introduces a regularization scheme that analytically continues the kinetic operator power in the action, rendering the theory formally finite prior to Dyson series expansion. This approach ensures full, self-consistent regularization of φ⁴ and Yukawa theories at next-to-leading order. Demonstrat…
pQCD Predicts Jet Quenching in Ultrasmall Ion Collisions Down to 3He+3He
pQCD calculations reveal non-trivial high-momentum particle suppression due to medium-induced energy loss in light ion collisions from 208Pb+208Pb to 3He+3He, scaling as R_AB ≈ (√(AB))^{1/3}. Symmetric systems like 10B+10B, 6Li+6Li, 4He+4He, and 3He+3He show suppression persisting to the smallest si…
Brane at AdS Boundary Induces Opposite Vacuum Effects for PEC and PMC Conditions
The paper derives explicit brane-induced contributions to electromagnetic Wightman functions in AdS spacetime with a brane intersecting the boundary, using PEC and PMC generalizations. These VEVs behave like a scalar with negative effective mass tied to AdS radius. PEC and PMC yield opposite signs i…
Local Spin Polarization Upper-Bounds Maximal Entanglement in Two-Qubit Systems
Derives an upper bound on concurrence for fixed local spin polarization in two-qubit systems, demonstrating that higher polarization limits maximum achievable entanglement. This bound is saturated by pure states in specific cases. Applies to e+e- → Z → q q̄ process, where maximal concurrence occurs …
Non-perturbative Effects in JT Gravity Lead to Earlier Breakdown of Semiclassical Description
The semiclassical description of gravity breaks down at much shorter length scales than previously thought due to non-perturbative effects. This is demonstrated in 2D JT gravity, where negative energy states in the dual boundary random matrix theory cause significant corrections to inner products. T…
LHCb Achieves Precision Muon Charge Asymmetry Measurement in W-Boson Decays
The LHCb collaboration performed a high-precision measurement of the muon charge asymmetry from W-boson decays in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV. Using a substantial integrated luminosity of 5.1 fb^-1, recorded between 2016 and 2018, the study focused on muons within specific transverse momentum…
Electron-Ion Collider: Advancing Precision QCD and Nuclear Structure
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) program, a collaborative effort of theorists, experimentalists, and computer scientists, aims to significantly advance precision Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and nuclear structure understanding. Key research areas include higher-order perturbative-QCD calculations, nu…
Chiral Unitarity Explains Phi Meson Decays
This paper details how non-perturbative chiral unitary methods accurately model the strong final state interactions in phi meson decays. The approach successfully explains experimental data for phi to pi+pi- and radiative phi decays, addressing decay processes inaccessible to Chiral Perturbation The…
Validation of the PKR-CAL High-Resolution Calorimeter Prototype for NA64 Dark Matter Searches
The POKERINO prototype validates a high-resolution PbWO4-based electromagnetic calorimeter (PKR-CAL) designed for light dark matter searches at the CERN NA64 experiment. The system employs multi-SiPM readout to optimize light collection while implementing specific design mitigations for SiPM saturat…
Axion Candidate at 1.036 GHz Disconfirmed in Extended Haloscope Search with Improved Limits
Extended haloscope search recovered prior HEMT dataset, identifying an excess near 1.036 GHz that met candidate criteria but failed validation via independent cross-checks and re-examination. Search expanded over 20-MHz band (1.026-1.045 GHz) using quantum-noise-limited amplifier, achieving sensitiv…
8-Cell Cavity Haloscope Sets Toughest KSVZ Axion Limits at 5.9 GHz
An 8-cell microwave resonator haloscope searched for KSVZ axion dark matter near 5.9 GHz, extending frequency range multifold over single-cell designs while preserving detection volume. Sensitivity was boosted by a quantum-limited flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier and sideband-summing techn…